E nānā kākou i nā ʻano o kēia mau pila:

1. Pākahi lead-acid: ʻO ka papa o ka pākahi lead-acid i haku ʻia me ke kēpau a me ka oxide kēpau, a ʻo ka electrolyte he hopena wai o ka waikawa sulfuric. ʻO kona mau pono nui ka voltage paʻa a me ke kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa; ʻo ka hemahema, ʻo ia ka haʻahaʻa o ka ikehu kikoʻī (ʻo ia hoʻi, ka ikehu uila i mālama ʻia i kēlā me kēia kilogram o ka pākahi), no laila ua nui ka nui, pōkole ke ola lawelawe ma kahi o 300-500 mau pōʻaiapuni hohonu, a pinepine ka mālama ʻana i kēlā me kēia lā. I kēia manawa, hoʻohana nui ʻia ka ʻoihana kukui alanui solar.

2. Pākahi Colloidal: He mana mālama ʻole ia o ka pākahi lead-acid i hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia. Hoʻololi ia i ka electrolyte sulfuric acid me ka electrolyte colloidal, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā pākahi maʻamau ma ke ʻano o ka palekana, ka hiki ke mālama, ka hana hoʻokuʻu a me ke ola lawelawe. ʻO ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana, ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o kekahi mau kumukūʻai ma mua o nā pākahi lithium-ion ternary. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ka pae mahana o -40°C - 65°C, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka hana mahana haʻahaʻa, kūpono no nā ʻāina alpine ʻākau. Loaʻa iā ia ke kūpaʻa haʻalulu maikaʻi a hiki ke hoʻohana palekana ʻia i nā ʻano ʻino like ʻole. ʻOi aku ka pālua o ke ola lawelawe ma mua o nā pākahi lead-acid maʻamau.

3. Pākahi lithium-ion Ternary: ikehu kikoʻī kiʻekiʻe, liʻiliʻi ka nui, hoʻouka wikiwiki, a me ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka nui o nā pōʻaiapuni hohonu o nā pākahi lithium-ion ternary ma kahi o 500-800 mau manawa, ʻo ke ola he ʻelua manawa o nā pākahi lead-acid, a ʻo ka pae mahana he -15°C-45°C. Akā ʻo ka hemahema, ʻaʻole ia he paʻa loa, a hiki i nā pākahi lithium-ion ternary o nā mea hana kūpono ʻole ke pahū a puhi paha i ke ahi ke hoʻouka nui ʻia a kiʻekiʻe loa paha ka mahana.

4. Pākahi Lifepo4:ikehu kikoʻī kiʻekiʻe, ka liʻiliʻi o ka nui, ka hoʻouka wikiwiki ʻana, ke ola lawelawe lōʻihi, ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi, a ʻoiaʻiʻo hoʻi ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe loa. ʻO ka nui o ka hoʻouka ʻana i ke kaʻapuni hohonu ma kahi o 1500-2000 mau manawa, ua lōʻihi ke ola lawelawe, hiki ke hiki i 8-10 mau makahiki, ikaika ke kūpaʻa, ākea ka pae mahana hana, a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma -40°C-70°C.

I ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā kukui alanui solar e hoʻohana i nā pila lithium hao phosphate, akā ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kumukūʻai. I kēia manawa, hoʻohana nā kukui alanui solar i nā pila lithium hao phosphate ma ke kumu kūʻai kūpono loa. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana o kēia huahana he mau pila lithium hao phosphate me ke ola a hiki i 10 mau makahiki, a he nani loa ke kumukūʻai.