Ua hoʻolaha nā hōʻike Q3 2021 a Tesla i kahi hoʻololi i nā pila LiFePO4 ma ke ʻano he kūlana hou i kāna mau kaʻa. Akā he aha maoli nā pila LiFePO4?
NUI IOKA, NUI IOKA, USA, Mei 26, 2022 /EINPresswire.com / — He koho ʻē aʻe anei lākou i nā pila Li-Ion? Pehea e ʻokoʻa ai kēia mau pila mai nā pila ʻē aʻe?
Hoʻolauna i nā pila LiFePO4
He pākahiko lithium hao phosphate (LFP) kahi pākahiko lithium-ion me nā wikiwiki hoʻouka a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana. He pākahiko hiki ke hoʻouka hou ʻia me LiFePO4 ma ke ʻano he cathode a me kahi electrode kalapona graphitic me ke kākoʻo metala ma ke ʻano he anode.
ʻOi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka nui o ka ikehu o nā pila LiFePO4 ma mua o nā pila lithium-ion a me nā volta hana haʻahaʻa. He haʻahaʻa ko lākou helu hoʻokuʻu me nā piʻo ʻaoʻao a ʻoi aku ka palekana ma mua o Li-ion. Ua kapa ʻia kēia mau pila he mau pila lithium ferrophosphate.
Ka Hana ʻia ʻana o nā Pila LiFePO4
Ua hana ʻia nā pila LiFePO4 e John B. Goodenough lāua ʻo Arumugam Manthiram. ʻO lāua kekahi o ka poʻe mua i hoʻoholo i nā mea i hoʻohana ʻia i loko o nā pila lithium-ion. ʻAʻole kūpono nā mea anode no nā pila lithium-ion ma muli o ko lākou ʻano no ka hoʻopōkole koke ʻana.
Ua ʻike nā kānaka ʻepekema he ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā mea cathode i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā cathodes pākahiko lithium-ion. ʻIke nui ʻia kēia i nā ʻano pākahiko LiFePO4. Hoʻonui lākou i ke kūpaʻa a me ka conductivity a hoʻomaikaʻi i nā ʻano ʻē aʻe.
I kēia mau lā, loaʻa nā pila LiFePO4 ma nā wahi āpau a he nui nā noi like ʻole, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā waʻa, nā ʻōnaehana solar, a me nā kaʻa. ʻAʻohe cobalt nā pila LiFePO4 a emi ke kumukūʻai ma mua o ka hapa nui o nā koho ʻē aʻe. ʻAʻohe mea ʻawahia a ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ke ola.
Nā kikoʻī o ka pākahiko LFP -
Ka Hana o nā ʻŌnaehana Hoʻokele Pākahi ma nā Pākahi LFP
ʻOi aku ka nui o nā pūnaewele i hoʻopili ʻia ma mua o nā pākahiko LFP; loaʻa iā lākou kahi ʻōnaehana e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana e noho ana ka pākahiko i loko o nā palena palekana. Mālama, kāohi, a nānā ka ʻōnaehana hoʻokele pākahiko (BMS) i ka pākahiko ma lalo o nā kūlana hana e hōʻoia i ka palekana a hoʻolōʻihi i ke ola o ka pākahiko.
ʻO ka hana o nā ʻōnaehana hoʻokele pila ma nā pila LFP -
ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka hoʻomanawanui o nā cell lithium iron phosphate, ua maʻalahi lākou i ka overvoltage i ka wā e hoʻouka ai, kahi e hōʻemi ai i ka hana. Hiki i ka mea i hoʻohana ʻia i ka cathode ke hōʻino a nalowale kona kūpaʻa. Hoʻoponopono ka BMS i ka hoʻopuka o kēlā me kēia cell a hōʻoia i ka mālama ʻia ʻana o ka voltage kiʻekiʻe o ka pila.
I ka hōʻino ʻia ʻana o nā mea electrode, lilo ka Undervoltage i mea hopohopo nui. Inā hāʻule ka voltage o kekahi cell ma lalo o kahi paepae i kuhikuhi ʻia, hoʻokaʻawale ka BMS i ka pila mai ke kaapuni. Hana pū ia ma ke ʻano he backstop i ke kūlana overcurrent a e pani i kāna hana i ka wā o ka pōkole.
Nā Pākahi LiFePO4 vs. Nā Pākahi Lithium-Ion
ʻAʻole kūpono nā pila LiFePO4 no nā mea hiki ke komo e like me nā wati. ʻOi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka nui o ka ikehu ma mua o nā pila lithium ʻē aʻe. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo lākou ka mea maikaʻi loa no nā ʻōnaehana ikehu lā, RV, nā kaʻa kolepa, nā waʻa bass, a me nā mokokaikala uila.
★ʻO kekahi o nā pono nui o kēia mau pila ʻo ko lākou ola pōʻaiapuni.
Hiki i kēia mau pila ke ola ma mua o 4x ka lōʻihi ma mua o nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻOi aku ka palekana a hiki ke piʻi i ka hohonu o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana a hiki i ka 100%, ʻo ia hoʻi hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no kahi manawa lōʻihi.
Aia ma lalo iho nā kumu ʻē aʻe no ke aha i ʻoi aku ai ka maikaʻi o kēia mau pila ma mua o nā pila Li-ion.
★Kumukūʻai Haʻahaʻa
Hana ʻia nā pila LFP me ka hao a me ka phosphorus, i eli ʻia ma kahi pae nui loa, a he kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa. Ua manaʻo ʻia ke kumukūʻai o nā pila LFP he 70 pakeneka haʻahaʻa no kg ma mua o nā pila NMC waiwai i ka nickel. Hāʻawi kona ʻano kemika i kahi pono kumukūʻai. Ua hāʻule nā kumukūʻai kelepona haʻahaʻa loa no nā pila LFP ma lalo o $100/kWh no ka manawa mua ma 2020.
★Hopena Kaiapuni Liʻiliʻi
ʻAʻohe nickel a cobalt paha i loko o nā pila LFP, he pipiʻi a he hopena nui ko lākou i ke kaiapuni. Hiki ke hoʻouka hou ʻia kēia mau pila e hōʻike ana i ko lākou aloha i ke kaiapuni.
★Hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ka pono a me ka hana
Ua kaulana nā pila LFP no ko lākou ola lōʻihi, e lilo ana lākou i koho kaulana no nā noi e pono ai ka mana hilinaʻi a kūlike i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa. Loaʻa i kēia mau pila nā helu pohō lohi ma mua o nā pila lithium-ion ʻē aʻe, kahi e kōkua ai i ka mālama ʻana i kā lākou hana i ka wā lōʻihi. Eia kekahi, he haʻahaʻa ko lākou voltage hana, e hopena ana i ka emi ʻana o ke kū'ē kūloko a me ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻouka/hoʻokuʻu ʻana.
★Hoʻonui ʻia ka palekana a me ke kūpaʻa
He paʻa ka wela a me ke kemika o nā pila LFP, no laila ʻaʻole lākou e pahū a puhi paha. Hoʻopuka ka LFP i hoʻokahi hapaono o ka wela o ka NMC waiwai i ka nickel. Ma muli o ka ikaika o ka pilina Co-O i loko o nā pila LFP, hoʻokuʻu mālie ʻia nā ʻātoma oxygen inā pōkole a wela paha. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻohe lithium i koe i loko o nā cell i hoʻopiha piha ʻia, e hoʻolilo ana iā lākou i kūpaʻa loa i ka nalowale o ka oxygen i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā hopena exothermic i ʻike ʻia i nā cell lithium ʻē aʻe.
★Liʻiliʻi a māmā hoʻi
ʻOi aku ka māmā o nā pākahiko LFP ma mua o nā pākahiko lithium manganese oxide. A hiki i ka 70% ka māmā o lākou ma mua o nā pākahiko lead-acid. Ke hoʻohana ʻoe i kahi pākahiko LiFePO4 i loko o kahi kaʻa, hoʻohana ʻoe i ka ʻaila liʻiliʻi a ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka neʻe ʻana. He liʻiliʻi a paʻa hoʻi lākou, e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke mālama i kahi ma kāu scooter, waʻa, RV, a i ʻole ka noi ʻoihana.
Nā Pila LiFePO4 vs. Nā Pila ʻAʻole Lithium
He nui nā pono o nā pila ʻaʻole lithium akā e hoʻololi ʻia paha i ka wā waena ma muli o ka hiki ke loaʻa i nā pila LiFePo4 hou no ka mea he pipiʻi ke kumukūʻai o ka ʻenehana kahiko a emi ka pono.
☆Nā Pākahi Waikawa Lead
ʻIke ʻia paha he kūpono ke kumukūʻai o nā pila kēpau-ʻakika i ka wā mua, akā ʻoi aku ke kumukūʻai o lākou i ka wā lōʻihi. ʻO kēia ma muli o ka pono o ka mālama pinepine ʻana a me ka hoʻololi ʻana. E mau ana ka pila LiFePO4 i 2-4 mau manawa me ka ʻole o ka mālama ʻana.
☆Nā Pākahi Gel
ʻAʻole pono nā pila gel e hoʻouka hou pinepine a ʻaʻole e nalowale ka uku i ka wā e mālama ʻia ai. Akā, lohi ka uku ʻana o nā pila gel. Pono lākou e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ka wā e hoʻopiha piha ʻia ai e pale aku i ka luku ʻia.
☆Nā Pākahi AGM
ʻOiai ke kiʻekiʻe nei ka pilikia o nā pila AGM i ka hōʻino ʻia ma lalo o 50% o ka mana, hiki ke hoʻokuʻu piha ʻia nā pila LiFePO4 me ka ʻole o ka pilikia o ka hōʻino ʻia. Eia kekahi, he paʻakikī ke mālama iā lākou.
Nā noi no nā pila LiFePO4
He nui nā hoʻohana waiwai o nā pila LiFePO4, me
●Nā Waʻa Lawaiʻa a me nā Kayak: Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻolōʻihi i ka manawa ma luna o ka wai me ka manawa hoʻouka liʻiliʻi a me ka manawa holo lōʻihi. ʻO ke kaumaha liʻiliʻi e hāʻawi i ka lawelawe maʻalahi a me ka wikiwiki i ka wā o nā hoʻokūkū lawaiʻa koʻikoʻi.
●Nā scooter neʻe a me nā moped: ʻAʻohe mea kaumaha e hoʻolohi iā ʻoe. E hoʻopiha i kāu pila ma lalo o ka mana piha no nā huakaʻi koke me ka ʻole o ka hōʻino ʻana.
●Nā hoʻonohonoho lā: E lawe i nā pila LiFePO4 māmā i nā wahi a pau e lawe ai ke ola iā ʻoe (ʻoiai i luna o ka mauna a i ʻole ma waho o ka pūnaewele) e hoʻohana i ka mana o ka lā.
● Hoʻohana pāʻoihana: ʻO kēia nā pila lithium palekana a paʻakikī hoʻi e kūpono ai no nā noi ʻoihana e like me nā mīkini papahele, nā puka hāpai, a me nā mea hou aku.
Eia kekahi, hoʻohana nā pila lithium hao phosphate i nā mea hana ʻē aʻe e like me nā kukui uila, nā uahi uila, nā lako lekiō, nā kukui ulia pōpilikia, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
Nā mea hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia no ka Wid-Scale LFP
ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke kumukūʻai o nā pila LFP a ʻoi aku ka paʻa ma mua o nā koho ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka nui o ka ikehu he mea pale nui ia i ka hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻana. ʻOi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka nui o ka ikehu o nā pila LFP, ma waena o 15 a me 25%. Eia nō naʻe, ke loli nei kēia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā electrodes mānoanoa e like me nā mea i hoʻohana ʻia ma ke Model 3 i hana ʻia ma Shanghai, nona ka nui o ka ikehu o 359Wh/lita.
Ma muli o ke ola lōʻihi o nā pila LFP, ʻoi aku ka nui o ko lākou mana ma mua o nā pila Li-ion o ke kaumaha like. ʻO ke ʻano kēia, e like like ka nui o ka ikehu o kēia mau pila i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa.
ʻO kekahi keʻakeʻa i ka hoʻohana nui ʻana, ʻo ia ka noho aliʻi ʻana o Kina ma ka mākeke ma muli o ka nui o nā palapala sila LFP. I ka pau ʻana o kēia mau palapala sila, aia ke kuhi ʻia e hana ʻia ka hana LFP ma kahi kūloko, e like me ka hana ʻana i nā kaʻa.
Ke hoʻohana nui nei nā mea hana kaʻa nui e like me Ford, Volkswagen, a me Tesla i ka ʻenehana ma o ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā ʻano nickel a cobalt paha. ʻO ka hoʻolaha hou ʻana a Tesla i kāna hoʻonui hapaha he hoʻomaka wale nō ia. Ua hāʻawi pū ʻo Tesla i kahi hōʻano hou pōkole e pili ana i kāna pūʻolo pākahiko 4680, kahi e loaʻa ai ka nui o ka ikehu a me ka laulā. Hiki nō hoʻi iā Tesla ke hoʻohana i ke kūkulu ʻana o "cell-to-pack" e hoʻopili i nā cell hou aʻe a hoʻokipa i ka nui o ka ikehu haʻahaʻa.
ʻOiai kona mau makahiki,LFPa ʻo ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā kumukūʻai pākahiko he mea koʻikoʻi paha ia i ka wikiwiki ʻana i ka hoʻohana nui ʻana o EV. Ma ka makahiki 2023, manaʻo ʻia e kokoke ana nā kumukūʻai lithium-ion i $100/kWh. Hiki i nā LFP ke hiki i nā mea hana kaʻa ke hoʻokūpaʻa i nā mea e like me ka maʻalahi a i ʻole ka manawa hoʻouka hou ma mua o ke kumukūʻai wale nō.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Iune-24-2022